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  • The Top 10 Things to Do in Uganda

    The Top 10 Things to Do in Uganda

    Uganda is one of the most exciting and beautiful holiday destinations in the world. Whether you are wowed by landscapes, wildlife, culture, or simply seek adventure – Uganda is the perfect destination for you.

    Uganda has so much to offer beyond just trekking to see mountain gorillas. We are talking amazing wildlife, adrenaline activities, hiking and waterfalls, cultural experiences, and more! Here are our top 10 things to do in Uganda.

    Gorilla Tracking

    This is not only one of the most popular wildlife activities in Uganda but also in the whole of Africa. Gorilla trekking involves searching for man’s closest relatives in their natural setting and observing them for one hour. Tracking mountain gorillas is very popular because they are endangered and only about 1000 are left in the wild. They are not found in zoos and can only be seen in three countries – Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda. In Uganda, gorilla trekking is done in Mgahinga National Park and Bwindi impenetrable national park. Tourists travel to observe the primates in the wild and take a few photos or videos.

    Chimpanzee tracking in Kibale national park

    Chimpanzees and bonobos (pygmy chimps) are the closest relatives to humans. They are very intelligent primates and will leave an onlooker stunned by their social antics. Chimps have the ability to use tools like sticks and stones to gather food or fight off intruders. Uganda is the best country to spot chimps in the world. Chimpanzee tracking in Kibale forest is one of the most popular primate activities in Uganda – second only to gorilla trekking. Like gorilla trekking, chimpanzee trekking in Uganda involves hiking deep inside a tropical rain forest in search of the chimps. Once you are with them, you have only one hour to observe them. Kibale National Park offers the highest concentration of primates in East Africa hence offering the best chance to spot them.

    White water rafting, Quad biking and Horseback riding in Jinja

    White water rafting at the river Nile in Jinja is one of the most adrenaline raising activities in Uganda. Before the construction of a second hydro-electricity dam, Uganda offered one of the best three water rafting experiences in the world. It had grade 7 rapids but now one can only aim at grade 5 rapids. Even after losing some rapids, Uganda is still among the best rafting destinations on the world. Rafting comes into two packages. There is full day rafting and the half day rafting experience. Tourists often combine whitewater rafting with other adrenaline driving activities like bungee jumping over the Nile, quad biking, tubing the Nile and horse riding. These activities take you deep into the Uganda countryside to experience life as lived by the local people.

    Hiking the Rwenzori Mountains

    The Rwenzori Mountains are the third highest mountains in Africa after Mt. Kilimanjaro and Mt. Kenya. Its peak Margherita stands tall at an altitude of 5,109m above sea level. One of the unique features of Rwenzori is its snow-capped peak which is a rare feature to find in an area that receives a lot of sunshine for much of the year. The Rwenzori Mountains is also a national park because of its incredible biodiversity (Unique vegetation, chimpanzees, smaller primates and birds). Most hikers aim at teaching the peak of Mount Stanley (one of the Rwenzori mountains). To get to all the three peaks, one needs between 9 to 10 days of Rwenzori Hiking and resting at different huts. Apart from the Rwenzori mountains, one can also climb Mount Elgon, Mount Moroto, Mount Muhabura, Mount Sabyinyo and Mount Gahinga.

    Visit the Main Local Markets

    The best way to mingle and get to know the ways of the local people is by visiting the local markets. Kampala city has a chain of markets like Kalerwe, Nakasero, Kibuye, Owino, Nakawa and Wandegeya. These are very congested markets but it is where all the action is centered. You will be able to interact with the buyers and sellers of all types of merchandise. The main commodities sold in these markets are agriculture products, herbal products, ornaments, electronics, second hand shoes and clothes. The stalls in the markets are built with wood and covered with either iron sheets or polythene tops. You can find very cheap products but haggling for better prices is the order of the day. The traders are very friendly and willing to do business with anyone who comes to them.

    Visit Cultural Sites

    Though a relatively small, Uganda is a heterogeneous country with many tribes. Most of these tribes have kingdoms and cultures which are interesting to learn about. As the largest tribal group, Buganda kingdom has many cultural sites that tourists can visit. The Buganda kingdom has the Mengo royal palace which holds so much political significance for both Buganda and Uganda at large. There is also the Buganda parliament structure (Bulange) in Mengo Kampala. To the Eastern side of the country, there is Budhumbula palace and shrine which belongs to the Busoga kingdom. This palace was the former residence of the past king of Busoga, Kyabazinga William Wilberforce Kadhumbula Nadiope who died in 1975. This particular palace also holds the graves of the past kings of the Busoga kingdom. It is also a shrine where the Basoga people go to worship and seek guidance, prosperity and blessings from their ancestors.  To the West is the palace of Omukama of Toro. If you are visiting one of the national parks in Western Uganda, this is one place you should visit.

    Lake Victoria

    Lake Victoria is the largest fresh water lake in the world. It is also the source of the great river Nile. Lake Victoria is an excellent destination for a variety of activities and particularly water sports. The lake teems with life and you can spot different species of birds, fish, hippos, crocodiles and swamp antelopes. One of the most popular things to do is to hang out in one of the beautiful beaches and islands. While at the lake, you can take part in swimming, sunbathing, boat riding, sport fishing, canoeing and kayaking. The greatest islands worth visiting are the Ssese islands and the Ngamba chimpanzee sanctuary.

    The Murchison Falls

    These beautiful waterfalls are one of the major attractions in the Murchison Falls National Park. The falls are created when the Nile forces its way through a narrow gorge before dropping downstream in a mighty roar. As it drops down, the water splashes in all directions creating mist and beautiful rainbow colors especially when the sun is up. Apart from viewing the waterfall, tourists also love to explore the wider Murchison Falls National Park. The park has incredible biodiversity and you can expect to see lions, buffaloes, elephants, giraffes, elands, warthogs, hippos, crocodiles and countless birds.

    Lake Bunyonyi

    Lake Bunyonyi is located along the Kigezi highlands in Kabale district. It is the deepest lake in the whole of Africa and stands out for its beautiful 29 islands as well as natural scenery. Lake Bunyonyi is an excellent spot for unwinding, getting away from the stressful life and overall pollution in the city. While at Lake Bunyonyi travelers can engage in boat rides, canoeing, birding watching, game viewing, camping and enjoying the beautiful breeze as they read a book. It is also a great place for taking photos and shooting videos. Over the years, Lake Bunyonyi has turned to be a stopping point for tourists visiting Queen Elizabeth, Bwindi, Mgahinga and Semuliki National Parks. Tourists find the lake an excellent place to stop and regain energy after a long safari or tracking gorillas. In order to cater for the high numbers of visitors, many resorts have been built targeting tourists, honeymooners and couples.

    The Sipi Falls

    The Sipi Falls are one of the most popular tourist attractions in Uganda. The amazing waterfalls are found in Kapchorwa near mountain Elgon. The area has remarkable scenery with breathtaking views of the mountain and the Karamoja plains. While visiting the falls, visitors can also go for a swim, fish, register for abseiling or admire the beautiful nature. If you are visiting, do not forget to go with a camera and take amazing photos of yourself near the different waterfalls.

    In conclusion

    From gorilla trekking in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park to white-water rafting in Jinja, Uganda offers a captivating mix of unforgettable experiences for travelers seeking adventure, natural beauty, and rich cultural heritage. Don’t miss the opportunity to witness these incredible attractions firsthand and create memories that will last a lifetime.

  • Top Attractions in Uganda

    Top Attractions in Uganda

    ganda is a land of adventure and natural beauty. From thrilling gorilla trekking expeditions to incredible waterfall chasing, Uganda offers some of the worlds most unique attractions. Whether youre looking for an adrenaline-filled day or just want to take in the scenery, there are plenty of activities to choose from in this East African wonderland.

    From safaris through national parks full of exotic wildlife to boat rides on tranquil lakes, Uganda has something for everyone. Discover what makes this country so special with our top picks for attractions in Uganda!

    Take a Journey Through the Thick Forests of Uganda

    Uganda is a country with an abundance of breathtaking natural beauty, from its sprawling rainforests to the thundering waterfalls. The country can be challenging to navigate, though having a help from an Uganda Guide can certainly help!  Take a journey through the thick forests of Uganda and experience something that you wont find anywhere else in the world. Explore winding trails, encounter exotic wildlife, and discover hidden gems tucked away amongst towering trees.

    Get off the beaten path and immerse yourself in Ugandan culture as you traverse this lush landscape. The sights here are nothing short of remarkable – majestic mountains fill up your view while cascading rivers lie at their feet. If you take your time, theres so much to see and even more to explore in this beautiful African nation. Stop by Murchison Falls National Park for some incredible gorilla trekking or head out on foot into Queen Elizabeth National Park where elephants roam free across savannahs and grasslands alike!

    For those looking for something a little different why not try waterfall chasing? The Kazinga Channel is one such spot where visitors can witness hundreds of shimmering falls crashing down into deep pools below – perfect backdrop for any photograph!

    Whatever it may be that brings you to Uganda, theres no doubt that visiting will be an unforgettable experience filled with adventure and discovery around every corner. From Gorilla Trekking to Waterfall Chasing: Top Attractions in Uganda awaits; come take a journey through these thick forests today!

    Gorilla Trekking – Closer Than You Think!

    Gorilla trekking in Uganda is a once-in-a-lifetime experience, and its closer than you think. With just a short drive from the capital city of Kampala, travelers can find themselves immersed in the lush forests of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park – home to hundreds of mountain gorillas.

    Trekkers are rewarded with an up close and personal look into these remarkable creatures as they watch them play, eat, and interact with one another. A journey to see Ugandan gorillas is sure to be both enriching and unforgettable!

    Explore the Rivers and Lakes

    Uganda is a country of thriving natural beauty, and many visitors flock to its rivers and lakes for an unforgettable experience. From kayaking on the Nile River, to exploring the depths of Lake Victoria on a boat tour, there are plenty of ways to explore Uganda’s waterways.

    Visitors can also take in the stunning views from atop one of Ugandas many waterfalls or take part in some fishing along the shores of these majestic bodies of water. There is no better way to connect with nature than by spending time alongside these beautiful rivers and lakes—a holiday that will provide memories that will last a lifetime!

    Discover Unique Wildlife Species in their Natural Habitat

    Uganda is home to some of the most unique and diverse wildlife species in the world. From magnificent gorillas to playful chimpanzees, Ugandas national parks are teeming with amazing creatures that you can observe in their natural habitat.

    Whether it’s tracking the mountain gorillas through Bwindi Impenetrable National Park or taking a boat ride across Lake Mburo to spot hippos and crocodiles, there is something for everyone who wants an up close experience with nature at its best.

    While exploring these remote areas, visitors might even be lucky enough to catch a glimpse of rare animals such as African wild dogs, bush babies and crested cranes soaring overhead. If youre looking for an unforgettable adventure into nature then make sure your next destination includes a visit to Uganda!

    Chase Waterfalls to Unforgettable Views and Adventures

    Uganda is calling adventure seekers from around the world to come explore its many incredible attractions. From gorilla trekking to chasing waterfalls, there are plenty of opportunities for unforgettable views and adventures. Exploring Ugandas lush forests, dramatic landscapes and rugged terrain will give you an experience unlike any other. Waterfall chasing in Uganda offers visitors a chance to get off the beaten track and immerse themselves in some of nature’s most beautiful sights.

    With more than 40 breathtaking waterfalls scattered throughout the country, travelers can find everything from thundering cascades to gentle streams lined with tropical foliage. Trekkers can even take guided tours that allow them to swim beneath these majestic falls while taking in spectacular panoramic views across the landscape below.

    For those looking for something a little less adventurous but no less stunning, boat trips along various rivers offer an opportunity to admire cascading waterfalls up close as well as spot wildlife amongst their natural habitat. Whether you’re seeking out exciting outdoor activities or simply want a unique way of seeing this amazing country, waterfall chasing should be at the top of your list when visiting Uganda!

  • Discovering Uganda’s Historical Sites

    Discovering Uganda’s Historical Sites

    Uganda is a country with a rich history and heritage, filled with captivating historical sites. From ancient palaces to centuries-old monuments, Uganda offers a wealth of knowledge about its past.

    Visitors can explore the ruins of old kingdoms as they learn more about the unique culture that has been preserved in this African nation for generations.

    Travelers will also encounter modern cities, bustling markets, and beautiful landscapes that are infused with traditional values and customs. Discovering Uganda’s historic sites provides an opportunity to gain insight into the country’s vibrant culture while uncovering stories from its complex past.

    If you’re out and about in Uganda and want to know more about its rich history and heritage, be sure to get assistance from Uganda Travel Guide to have a much easier time!

    Uncovering the Storied Past of Uganda’s

    Uganda is a country steeped in history and culture, with many sites that serve as reminders of its past. From the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park to the historical ruins of Bigo by Mugyenyi, there are sites throughout

    Uganda offers an insight into its storied past. Visitors can explore ancient fortresses and burial grounds, as well as engage with local communities who continue to practice traditional customs today.

    For those seeking to uncover Uganda’s rich heritage, there are numerous cultural attractions such as plays, music performances, and art exhibits that illuminate its unique identity. There are also festivals held around the country celebrating Uganda’s diverse cultures each year – from Buganda Kingdom’s Kabaka Birthday Celebrations in Masaka

    District to Acholi Cultural Festival in Gulu. Exploring these places promises visitors a window into Uganda’s remarkable history and will be sure to leave them enriched by their experience.

    Discovering Ancient Historical Sites

    Uganda is a country with centuries of rich history and heritage, making it the perfect destination for those interested in discovering ancient historical sites. From the remnants of kingdoms that once flourished to modern-day structures that tell stories from times gone by, Uganda’s archaeological sites are full of intrigue and mystery.

    Visitors can explore royal tombs, religious monuments, and even old trading posts that offer an insight into this fascinating nation’s past. The capital city Kampala is home to some of the oldest buildings in East Africa such as the Kasubi Tombs, which was built between 1820 – 1880. It features four traditional houses constructed from reeds, mud bricks, and grasses – a homage to Uganda’s cultural diversity at its finest.

    Other noteworthy attractions include Fort Lugard, a 19th-century British fort located near Lake Victoria; Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park, where over 300 species of birds live amongst lush foliage; Murchison Falls National Park, home to lions, elephants, and giraffes; as well as Kabakas Palace Museum which gives visitors an understanding about how Ugandan royalty used to live hundreds of years ago. With all these exciting locations on offer, there is something new around every corner waiting to be explored during your journey through time!

    Examining Ugandan Archaeological Treasures

    Uganda is home to many archaeological and historical wonders, making it an ideal destination for those looking to explore the past.

    From ancient ruins to long-forgotten tombs and artifacts, Uganda offers a wealth of opportunities for learning about its rich history. Examining Ugandan Archaeological Treasures allows visitors to gain insight into the country’s cultural heritage through tangible evidence from the past.

    Excavations have yielded numerous items that provide valuable insight into who lived here in earlier times, as well as how they lived their lives. Notable finds include pottery shards, tools, weapons, and jewelry – all of which can be found in various museums across Uganda today.

    Visiting these sites provides an intimate look at how these ancient civilizations functioned while giving us a better understanding of the evolution of our own culture over time.

    Exploring Uganda’s archaeological treasures is a great way to learn more about this diverse nation’s vibrant and ever-changing history – one that still reverberates strongly with modern-day citizens today!

    Appreciating the Cultural Significance of Uganda’s

    From the snow-capped Rwenzori Mountains to its lush green jungles, Uganda is a country of stunning beauty and cultural significance. It has a rich history stretching back hundreds of years, featuring an array of historical sites that speak to its diverse cultural heritage.

    Of particular note are the royal burial grounds at Kasubi Tombs – one of Africa’s greatest architectural achievements – as well as the ruins in Bigo by Mugyenyi, which offer insight into traditional African lifestyles and practices.

    Uganda also boasts centuries-old mosques such as Old Kampala Mosque and Namirembe Cathedral – two examples of how this vibrant nation has embraced religious diversity throughout its long history.

    And no visit to Uganda would be complete without exploring some of its magnificent national parks, where visitors can observe exotic wildlife in all their natural glory alongside breathtaking landscapes.

    By appreciating these unique places and stories from Ugandan culture, travelers will gain an even deeper appreciation for this remarkable country’s past and present-day contributions to our world’s collective history.

  • Uganda Relocates Giraffes to Lake Mburo National Park

    Uganda Relocates Giraffes to Lake Mburo National Park

    The Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) has started the translocation of 20 giraffes in Murchison Falls National Park in Nwoya District.

    The exercise that started last week will see the giraffes relocated from the northern banks of the Victoria Nile Park to the southern banks within the expansive Murchison Falls National Park.
 Mr Jossy Muhangi, UWA spokesperson, confirmed the development to journalists in an interview. Mr Muhangi said the one-week translocation exercise is jointly being conducted by experts from Giraffe Conservation Foundation [GCF] and Uganda Wildlife Education Centre [UWEC].

    Recently, UWA received donations of transport logistic equipment worth $37,500 [about Shs131 million] from GCF to boost the conservation agency to carry out the translocation exercise. “This translocation exercise is aimed at increasing the home range population of giraffes in Murchison Falls National Park. It will also help to diversify giraffe species and help boost game drives in the southern banks of the park,” Mr Muhangi said.
Mr Muhangi, however, refuted claims that the giraffes are being relocated because of the threat of oil exploration in the northern banks of Murchison Falls National Park.

    “There is no threat at the moment on wildlife with the ongoing oil exploration. In future, though we believe that if the oil exploration intensifies, we shall also apply appropriate measures,” Mr Muhangi said.
Murchison Falls National Park has an estimated 850 Rothschild’s giraffes. According to UWA, the relocation exercise which is practiced globally will also help manage environment by reducing habitat destruction and allow for the restoration of the degraded ones.

    In June 2015, UWA relocated 15 giraffes from Murchison Falls National Park to Lake Mburo, National Park in an effort to boost tourism in western Uganda.

  • What Happened to Uganda’s Marketing Boards?

    What Happened to Uganda’s Marketing Boards?

    While delivering last year’s State of the Nation Address, President Museveni noted that his government remained committed to using “the export promotion and import substitution routes to storm across the middle- income barrier,” in reference to Uganda’s quest for a middle-income status.

    Although Uganda’s export earnings have increased over the years, from $5billion in 2016 to $7billion in 2019, they remain disproportionately dominated by agricultural products, which account for 80% of total exports.

    Some of the leading exports include coffee, fish, maize, tobacco, and tea. The dominance of crops like cotton and coffee dates back to the colonial era when they were grown as official government crops.

    The sector was mainly dominated by the Indians who established ginneries across the country and took over processing and marketing while government retained the research, seed breeding, extension services, input supply, and quality control functions. In addition, government established three textile mills and one spinning mill to add value to lint and to absorb the increasing production.

    In the 1920s, coffee had been introduced, followed by tea and tobacco. Eventually, coffee overtook cotton in the 1930s as the country’s major foreign exchange earner, with cotton taking second place.

    The Emergence of Marketing Boards

    By the 1950s however, the population had started revolting against the private sector due to exploitation, and farmer cooperatives determined to organise and represent farmers’ interests gained momentum around 1952. In response, the government compensated the Asian entrepreneurs, took over ownership of cotton ginneries and transferred management to the Co-operative Unions.

    Although the cooperatives succeeded in aggregating farmers’ produce, marketing remained a problem. This would lead to the emergence of statutory marketing boards, to among others, stabilise produce price in the face of fluctuating world prices, insure the commodity dependent economy against turbulent world market conditions, promote and encourage orderly marketing of the country’s leading crop exports, and promote an increase in their production. Other motivations included the strengthening of the producers’ bargaining power and guaranteeing a fair price for farmers.

    Thus the Coffee Marketing Board was constituted under the Coffee Act of 1963, four years after the Lint Marketing Board was constituted under the Lint Marketing Board Ordinance (No.16) of 1959. Five years later, the Produce Marketing Board would be set up by the Produce Marketing Board Act of 1968 to create efficient marketing facilities for all controlled “minority’ cash crops like maize, wheat, beans, tobacco, millet, and sorghum.

    The established Lint Marketing Board (LMB) had a monopoly of trade in all lint and cotton seeds, and soon, production shot up, registering Uganda’s highest ever cotton production of 470,000 bales of lint in 1969/70.

    The farmers in primary societies supplied to the unions, who later sold to the various marketing boards.

    But the subsequent instability in the country gravely affected the marketing boards, setting forward a downturn not just in their fortunes but in cotton production in general. By 1988, production had fallen to a record low of 11,000 bales.

    “Uganda Cotton ceased to be traded by grade on the international market and was instead traded by source ginnery of the lint,” Joseph Kitandwe, the Registrar of cooperatives in the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Cooperatives told Bahoneza.

    By the time the NRM government came to power in 1986, all the Marketing Boards, like other state corporations, were no longer the thriving enterprises they had once been. High running costs, huge debts and general mismanagement had left the boards on their knees, requiring bailouts from the central government.

    Like other major public corporations facing the same dilemma, the marketing boards were consequently swallowed up in the liberalisation of the 90s that saw the economy shift from public control to private-led.

    Although liberalisation gave the economy a much-needed boost, it had the reverse effect on producer organisations and cooperatives. Once-powerful cooperatives like East and West Mengo, and the Bunyoro Kitara Growers Cooperative Union all collapsed, precipitating the eventual closure of the Cooperative Bank that was their source of money for crop financing.

    Dissolution of the Marketing Boards

    Although it’s now more than two decades since these marketing boards were liquidated, contention remains on the manner in which the liquidation was done, and on the accountability of the funds accrued from the sale.

    Reports persist for example, that the Shs 3.8 bn that accrued from the sale of the Produce Marketing Board (PMB) remains unaccounted for to-date. Mr Keith Muhakanizi, the then Privatization Unit accounting officer, and current secretary to the treasury says the money owed to PMB was written off as a bad debt.

    It is not only the PMB that was irregularly sold off. The Coffee Marketing Board (CMB) premises based in Bugolobi, a Kampala suburb, were also irregularly sold off to an investor.

    Testimonies given before the sectoral committee on Legal and Parliamentary Affairs on the petition by former workers of Coffee Marketing Board under liquidation, in 2013, show that its assets were freely given to an investor on the orders of the then State Minister for directives from President Museveni.

    The former employees of CMB told Parliament that properties including buildings, land, machinery, and equipment were freely given out to investors.

    Speaking on condition of anonymity, a former staff told theCooperator that the CMB properties were valued at Shs 33 bn in 1995 by Bageine and Property Holdings Limited, but would later be dubiously re-valued at Shs 6 billion in 1999.

    Filling the gaps

    Kitandwe says that in the place of the Lint Marketing Board, government established the Cotton Development Organisation (CDO) in 1994.

    “Cotton marketing and processing were liberalised and the Cotton Development Organisation (CDO) was established as the authority to promote cotton production, processing and marketing and to regulate the cotton subsector,” he said.

    The Coffee Marketing Board (CMB) was also replaced by the Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) with a relatively similar mandate.

    It is the Produce Marketing Board that was not replaced by any central government authority. Instead, big private companies and organisations like Aponye, Josephs’ Initiatives, Afrokai, and the UN’s World Food Programme have risen in its place, to dominate the produce market.

    The restructuring meant that cooperatives could now interface directly with the buyers and ginners, without marketing board intermediaries.

    “This was a very good opportunity for the farmers since it was reducing the number of middlemen between them and the market,” said Kitandwe.

    There was one problem though. The liquidation of the marketing boards was not done alongside policy support for cooperatives to fill the ensuing gap.

    “Government did not really seem to have Cooperatives in their plans. They (government), for example, didn’t mind how cooperatives would access credit for crop financing,” Kitandwe said.

    As a result, a number of cooperatives, in a bid to enhance their capacity for the new mandate, turned to high-interest credit, which suffocated the majority.

    “Majority lost property and closed shop with nothing left, due to huge debts,” Kitandwe said. He cited the example of the current Victoria University building along Jinja Road which was previously owned by East Mengo Growers Cooperative Union but was taken over after the Union failed to clear a bank loan.

    Moreover, without the active membership of the farmers, the CDO struggled to gain traction amongst cotton farmers. Liberalisation also meant that new players entered the market, and with limited regulation, left many local farmers at the mercy of multiple middlemen, some unscrupulous.

    But Mrs. Jolly Sabune, the Managing Director of Cotton Development Organisation (CDO) argues that, the restructuring has not been without gains. She says the CDO has supported the establishment of close to 2,000 acres of cotton farms spread in 20 districts, mostly tended to by prisons and army units. These, she says have helped increase and boost production.

    Critics, however, argue that the biggest failure of the Cotton Development Organisation has been its inability to add value to exported cotton. Over 90% of locally produced lint is exported as raw material. So far, only 5% of what is produced (cotton) is consumed locally, mainly by the two lead firms, Fine Spinners in Bugolobi, Kampala and Jinja-based Nyanza Textile Industry.

    Should Marketing Boards be revived?

    In the past, there have been calls for the revival of marketing boards. But Kitandwe suggests, it is no longer necessary.

    “Some cooperatives are already above this,” he told us. “Cooperatives like Sebei Elgon Cooperative Union, Ankole and Bugisu Cooperative Union are now selling directly to the international markets, under the Fair Trade Agreement.”

    The Fair Trade Agreement is an instrument of the Cooperation for Fair Trade in Africa (COFTA), itself a network of Fair Trade support organisations that assist grassroots producers in the development of quality products, as well as providing market access support.

    “Under this arrangement for example, Rwenzori Farmers Marketing Cooperative Society is the only primary society in the East Africa region certified to export cotton,” Mr. Joseph Kule Mayenda, the former export manager of Nyakatonzi Growers Cooperative Union in Kasese said.

    “Others like Bukonzo Organic Cooperative Union are certified to export coffee, while Bundikakempa Growers Cooperative Society in Bundibugyo is certified to export cocoa worldwide.”

    Several other cooperatives are operating under the same arrangement. These include Bukonzo Joint Savings and Credit Cooperative Society, Ankole Coffee Producer Cooperative Union in Bushenyi, Masaka Cooperative Union in Central and Bugisu and Sebei Elgon Cooperative Union. They’re all certified to export under the Fair Trade agreement.

    “This is what other cooperative unions should emulate as a way of moving forward,” says Kitandwe.

    But analysts argue that although the Fair Trade Agreement has been helpful to producer organisations in the short term, in the long term, it is unsuited to guarantee farmers fair prices and strengthen cooperatives.

    Moreover, in the absence of marketing boards, cooperatives have been unable to guarantee quality standards of the produce. Kitandwe points that the issue of quality remains the preserve of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF).

    But MAAIF department has not helped much, and substandard inputs continue to flood the market, affecting the quality of produce. The lack of structured procurement procedures for cooperatives also means that cooperatives are unable to tame the problem.

    The Uganda Coffee Development Authority which took over the oversight function of the coffee sector says its mandate is limited to regulation and promotion.

    “Our mandate does not extend to the buying and selling of coffee. That is for the private actors,” Dr. Emmanuel Iyamulemye, the Executive Director of UCDA told Bahoneza in a phone interview. “Neither does it extend to the provision of credit; that’s the role of Microfinance Support Centre, and the Uganda Development Bank (UDB), that government has been recapitalizing.”

    But while it is true that part of the motivation for the recapitalization of UDB and the Microfinance Support Centre is to provide low-interest credit to farmers, and industrialists, the two financial institutions’ broad mandate, and their still limited capital portfolio mean they are incapable of meaningfully propping up crop value chains.

    Kitandwe notes that the only way to have the marketing boards revived is if cooperatives advocate for their revival like they did for the Cooperative Bank.

  • 5 Things You Probably Don’t Know About Gorillas

    5 Things You Probably Don’t Know About Gorillas

    Gorillas are among the intelligent primates the world host today. When it comes to primate safaris, gorillas should be a must see! They are intriguing animals and worthy seeing! They are capable of using tools like sticks, stones and pods among others. They use sticks to scoop termites from the ground, stones for defense and pods to collect drinking water from the streams. During a gorilla visit in either Bwindi National Park or the Virunga Region, you will come to learn about the life of the mountain gorillas and how they survive in the wild.

    Gorillas Live in Families

    Gorillas are known stay together in large groups known as ‘troops’. Each troop consists of members ranging from 5 to 40 depending on the size of the habitat. The largest gorilla group in history existed in Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park.

    Who Takes Care?

    The females take good care of their young ones and they communicate with each other in a variety of ways. They not only warn their troop members of the approaching dangers, but also warn others to stay away from them.

    Male gorillas are also important in grooming the young ones. On many occasions, you will find male gorillas interacting with the young and juveniles, teaching them the way things can be done e.g crossing rivers, building nests etc.

    Maturity of Gorillas

    A male silverback Gorilla, an adult of 13 years or more, is the head of each group. Only this Gorilla is allowed to mate with the female gorillas of the troop.

    The other male members leave the troop once they mature and go on to form their own troops.

    Females also leave the troop after maturity, in order to find a suitable silverback so that they can be a part of his troop.

    Diet of Gorillas

    The usual diet of a Gorilla consists of flowers, fruits, leaves, stems, bamboo, etc. The eastern lowland gorillas however, indulge in ants and other small insects, alongside vegetal matter.

    Makeshift Homes

    On a gorilla trek through the impenetrable forest, you will look out for the nests that they build daily for their stay. Upon meeting the nests, it is evident and clear that you are close to encountering a gorilla family. The size of the nest also differs with the composition of members.

    Gorillas do not sleep in one nest twice….. Gorillas sleep in nests, which they build on the ground or in trees, depending on various variables, such as the vegetation and the security situation. Every evening mountain gorillas construct a new nest, even if it is only a few meters from the nest they used the night before. Each animal builds its own nest; only infants sleep in the same nest as their mothers. About half an hour before it gets dark the gorillas settle in the nest. Occasionally, they also build nests for the midday rest.

    To build a ground nest, the animals pull the branches of bushes and other plants into the centre, layer them and anchor them to each other. Other plants are bent in to form the nest rim. Tree nests are built mainly in forks of branches or similar structures. The nest has to be constructed in such a way that it can carry the weight of the gorilla. Females and young animals prefer to sleep in trees, whereas silverback males hardly ever do.

  • What Makes Rwanda An Exceptional Safari Destination

    What Makes Rwanda An Exceptional Safari Destination

    Rwanda is dubbed the Land of a Thousand Hills for a reason. This landlocked country lies suitably in Eastern and Central Africa and it is dominated by scenic rolling hills that make it a true land of a thousand hills.

    Besides, it features several most stunning water Lakes, rain forests and savanna grasslands that all reward travelers with breathtaking views while on safari in Africa. Despite its small size, Rwanda is one of a few stunning destinations that offer you a great opportunity to strike your imaginations with a group of mountain gorillas while in their natural habitat. The others include Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In the remarkable Rwanda, these unique apes are tracked only in Volcanoes National Park northwest. For starters, you may wonder why this landlocked country has become an exceptional destination for gorilla treks regardless of the fact that there are other destinations with the same creatures. Not to worry anymore, there are a number of factors that make Rwanda such a special gorilla destination and they include among others;

    First, unlike Uganda’s Bwindi and Mgahinga, the Rwanda Volcanoes National Park is reachable just within 2 to 3 hours’ drive from Kigali airport. This makes it the most accessible gorilla destination compared to Uganda’s Bwindi or Mgahinga National Park where you need about 8 to 10 hours to drive from Kampala or Entebbe Airport. This alone makes Rwanda an exceptional gorilla destination the fact that, you can even have a 1 day gorilla trek in Volcanoes National Park which isn’t a case with Bwindi, Mgahinga National Park or even the Virunga National Park where you will need more days to have a complete trip. The Volcanoes National Park is about 120 kilometers off Kigali International Airport which is a shorter distance. Bwindi National Park on the other hand is about 450-580 kilometers off Kigali capital.

    Looking at the cost of gorilla permits, in order for you to trek gorillas in Rwanda, you need $1500 to secure a permit which is relatively higher than the cost of permits in Uganda and even the DR Congo. Rwanda increased the cost of its gorilla permits from $750 to currently $1500 per person mainly targeting the high end tourists. And it is of no doubt that this magical country has become a luxury safari destination. Like other destinations, permits in Rwanda can be obtained through a trust worthy, recognized and registered tour operator or through a reservation at Rwanda Development Board (RDB).

    Volcanoes National Park’s vegetation isn’t that very thick compared to that of Bwindi National Park and this makes it a little bit easier for trekkers to take pictures of these creatures without much interruption while in their natural habitat. Regardless of its strenuous hikes, at end of day, you get the best of these primates’ pictures. Equally, its altitude isn’t high like that of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park. On gorilla trek, visitors are assigned to gorilla family based on their physical wellness.

    Besides trekking mountain gorillas, Rwanda also features also arranges for the Kwita Izina event an event that is conducted once every year. This is a special event of its own where the newly born gorillas are given names. It attracts different categories of people- locally regionally and even beyond. It was initiated in 2005 and currently, it is catching the attention of most conservationists, nature lovers, primate lovers and other stake holders.

    In conclusion, Rwanda is a special gorilla destination of its own. There are a number of factors that make this magical landlocked country an exceptional gorilla destination but the most important one is the fact that it is a home to rare mountain gorillas that thrive within only 3 countries-Rwanda, Uganda and the DR Congo.

  • Complete Guide to Gorilla Trekking in Africa

    One of the classic experiences you can take on the African continent is gorilla trekking in Uganda, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of Congo or Gabon. Tracking the mountain gorillas in the beautiful Bwindi Impenetrable forest, Volcanoes National Park or Virunga National Park is one of the best wildlife experiences you can ever take on an African safari. Mountain gorillas are the rarest primate in the world with fewer than 800 living in the wild. Nothing will ever prepare you for the first glimpse or the sound of the silverback pounding its chest amidst the dense undergrowth on a gorilla watching safari. Here’s a little guidance for those looking to tracking the gorillas in Africa:

    Where to Go Gorilla Trekking

    There are only ten countries on the African continent that host the gorillas. These are Uganda, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Angola, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria.

    Amongst these only 3 countries host the mountain gorillas and these are Uganda, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

    The Democratic Republic of Congo is the only country that is home to both mountain gorillas and lowland gorillas.

    Duration of the Trek

    Gorilla trips range from day trips to multi-day adventure packed fun filled safaris that take you various countries. f you are short on time, it is advisable to go to Rwanda. Gorilla trips in Rwanda start from day hikes into the Volcanoes National Park to a week long holiday! If you are having more time and you are looking to exploring more of a country and go somewhere a bit off the beaten path then go to Uganda or take a Uganda Rwanda Safari. If you are an experienced Africa traveler you can chose to go to the Democratic Republic Congo and Gabon however it is advisable to book your gorilla tour with a local based tour operator who can update you with real time information about the places to be visited.

    Is a Gorilla Trek Worthy It?

    A gorilla safari is one of the top adventure holidays you can take in the wild. The excitement of seeing a 300 pound gorilla is an unexplainable adventure and unlike watching the gorillas in the zoos, this time you visit them in their natural habitats. The mountain gorillas are found within the impenetrable natural tropical rain forests of Bwindi National Park and Mgahinga National Park in Uganda, Virunga National Park in Congo and Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda. Upon booking your safari, the excitement kicks in when you start your hike and get up close to the imposing and magnificent figure of a wild gorilla. You will find a silverback enjoying its day and its all baby gorillas peeking through leaves, playing or hiding behind their mothers. Many travelers have taken their photos showing off by swinging, twisting, turning and somersaulting and this is all the entertainment that will take you back to nature and start thinking how broad our world is.

    Cost of a Gorilla Trekking Trip

    A gorilla safari cannot be considered a cheap safari given that even the cost of the gorilla permit is quite high if compared with other things to do on an African safari such as game viewing, rhino tracking, and chimpanzee tracking. Gorilla permits cost US$500 in the Democratic Republic of Congo, US$800 in Uganda and US$1500 in Rwanda. Though the prices look to be high, don’t think twice about going out for this genuine once-in-a-lifetime opportunity given that it is great value. Please note that a portion of the fees you pay for the gorilla permits goes to the park and gorilla conservation initiatives, helping to ensure their survival among us! Remember there are only about 880 mountain gorillas left in the wild and the habitats for the gorillas are shrinking given the current threats to conservation in Africa.

    A Vacation to the Mountain Gorillas
    If you are thinking about taking a wildlife safari or any adventure vacation and you like animals why not do something different and visit the rare mountain gorillas in Africa? Well, do you know tyhat there are just about 880 mountain gorillas left in the world? Do you know that there are only three countries in the world where the mountain gorillas are found? Do you know that these apes are classified as endangered and really need your efforts in order to survive? Tere are about 880 mountain gorillas left in the world surviving within only three African countries; Uganda, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (former Zaire). Unlike their counterparts the lowland gorillas, there are no mountain gorillas in the zoos and to see them, you have to take an African safari to one of these three African countries!

    Therefore if you are an adventurer who loves animal safaris most especially trips that focus on primates and apes, then you might enjoy going to exotic gorilla trekking safaris. This special get away is incomparable to going to the zoo and indeed it is a better, thrilling and extra ordinary experience. On a gorilla trekking through the parks that host the mountain gorillas, you will actually get to see the animals in their natural habitat, get close with the gentle giants, see them eye to eye this time in their natural wild.

    In other words, you will see how they really interact with themselves, other animals, and nature. This is much more authentic than going to a zoo where the animals are held in captivity. You will get to see them up close just as you would in a zoo, but more real and exciting. You will get to see them through your safari vehicle. In other words, you will be driving right up to them and observing them through the windows of your car. Do not entice the animals and you will be safe and sound.

  • 5 Tips for Success as a Business Woman

    5 Tips for Success as a Business Woman

    Some characteristics of successful women in business are natural, but some require hard work and dedication in order to learn fully. In order to become a truly successful business leader it is important to keep in mind that achieving success is not going to be easy but in the end it will be worth it. Here are some of the steps that say business leaders say you should follow in order to be successful.

    1. Focus on your passion

    It is always important to remember that in order to be successful you have to love what you are doing. Find a way to turn your passion into a useful tool that can help your work stand out and set you apart from others in your field. If you admire someone in your field reach out to them and see if they can help you learn the ropes. Learn how their passion has progressed their career and see how it can progress yours as well.

    2. Make a plan and prepare

    It is always a good idea to write down your goals in order to make yourself more accountable for them. Once you write them down, come up with steps that you are going to take in order to achieve them. Of course your plans may change but it is important to have a starting point so that you can visualize the path that you are going to take. Make sure to set both short and long -term goals. A goal such as attending a network event can seem simple and short but it will set you up for success when reaching some of your long-term goals.

    3. Be patient

    You need to understand that you don’t start at the top; you have to work your way there. Approach each job and task you have as a learning opportunity and make sure you get the most out of it. Understand that things take time and take that time to learn and grow so when your time comes you are fully prepared to be successful.

    4. Take a risk

    Be bold, take some risks that you might not normally take. If you know what you want, take the leap and follow your passion. If you are stuck in a dead-end job and are not following what you truly want to do, find a new job. Being successful means you will have to make some hard choices and make some bold moves in order to really set yourself apart. The risk is normally worth the reward.

    5. Preserve

    Surround yourself with a group of positive people with positive thoughts. Things are not always going to be easy but try taking different approaches when it comes to success. Of course with anything you are going to run into failure, but you need to stick with it and understand that the successes are going to be worth it.

  • Rwanda Parliament Passes Draft Constitution Amendment

    The Rwandan parliament has unanimously passed the first draft amendment constitutional with a 71 members of parliament giving a go ahead, and only five votes remained withheld and nullified.

    The vote was made after a detailed debate and questioning on some of the articles, especially article 101 where parliament demanded that the commission clearly states what citizens demanded for when petitioning parliament for the amendment process.

    Over three million Rwandans petitioned parliament over the constitution amendment on article 101, asking that the

    Presenting to the low house of deputies, the commission’s vice chairperson, Usta Kayitesi said that all articles including article 101 have been revised and will have to go through referendum based on the popular voice of Rwandans.

    She also said that views of amending article 101 were prominent and the removal of term limits was highly considered in amending the constitution giving the president (Paul Kagame) another seven years and an open ended term limit afterwards.

    She also stated that the process of amending other articles was vigorous and considering time spent, the committee had to deal with various issues such as the need to correct some articles, terminology and eliminate outdated phrases, example on the establishment of Gacaca courts.

    “If we get a go ahead on this first draft, there is more that will be changed but the issue we kept clear was not to have many irrelevant articles which can be supported by the laws, but we didn’t create any juridical gaps in amending the constitution.” Kayitesi said.

    The voted bill will be submitted to the senate. Once the senate approves it as is, a referendum will be held without fail.

    The senate is not likely to overturn the massively voted bill, considering the fact even the Supreme Court last week ruled in fovour of the amendment in a controversial court case by the Democratic Green Party of Rwanda that sued against the amendment.

    Both the date for the senate’s approval and the consequential referendum were not discussed.